Improvement in churns



ATENT OEEICE.

OHARLES rATERSON HOLMES, OE GOUVERNEUR, AND ALBERT L. HOWELL,

Aor MOHAWK, NEW YORK.

MPROVEMENT IN CHURNS.

Specjca'ion forming part of Letters Patent'h'vo. 100,292, dated llfaroh1, 1870. I

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, CHARLES PATERSON HOLMES,of Gouverneur, in the county of St; Lawrence and State of New York, andALRERT L. HOWELL, of Mohawk, in the county of Herkimer and Sta-tc of NewYork, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Churns; and we dohereby declare that the followingis a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming part ofthis specication.

This invention relates to improvements in churns having horizontalrotary dashers and air-injecting apparatus;.and it consists in a novelarrangement of the fan-blowing apparatus in relation to the case forinjecting air at the side, also in a ready means of attaching anddetaching the fau-case, and in an arrangement, with the injectionpassage for the air, of a guard to prevent the cream from being throwninto the said passage. The invention also consists in a new andimproved" construction of the beaters of the dasher, calculated toreduce the labor of operating it, and to cause a more perfectcombination of the air with the cream 5 and finally, it consists in theapplication of the dashers of our improved construction to cases, thesides and bottom walls of which represent the four sides of an Octagonalfigure, all as hereinafter more fully described. 'v

Figure l is a transverse sectional elevation of our improved churn, andFig. 2 represents atop view of the same, with the cover of the caseremoved.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

A is a long longitudinal case, with a removable cover, B, and soconstructed lthat the Sides and bottom represent four Sides of anoctagonal ligure, as clearly shown in the transverse section, Fig. 1.

C is the shaft of the dasher, mounted on an adjustable center, D, at oneend, and projecting through the case at the other, for the receptionofthe pinion E, which gears with and is driven by the internally-toothedwheel F,

which may be worked by a handcrank or Otherwise.

Gr is the case of the fan'blower, made of Sheet metal or other suitableSubstance, in circular form, closed at the ends except suitableperforations for the admission of air, and having a spout, H, projectingfrom the periphery, and a plate, I, projecting above and below the spoutand on one side, to bear against the side of the case A, when thefan-blower is attached by inserting the spout in an oblique hole throughthe wall of the case A, so that a button or other clamp, K, attached tothe side of case A, may be engaged to hold it in position.

The said plate extending along the case to the end, serves to supportthe fancase against lateral' movement, and turning thereat and extendingoutward beyond the axis of the fancase, and thence to the outer edgethereof, in the oblique direction shown in Fig. 2, also serves as thesupport of the end of the guide L of the fan, and as a brace for theouter edge of the fan-case. l

N is a guard-block, projecting from the top of the case down in front ofthe spout H, to permit the cream being thrown and lodging therein.

P is the escape-pipe for the air.

The sides of the beaters or arm M of the dasher which act upon the creamare shaped to represent the two Sides of an obtuse, acute, or rightangle, andv the opposite sides are grooved or channeled from near theshaft to the points, as clearly shown.

The Object of this construction is, rst, to cause the beaters to enterthe cream with less force and without striking a flat surface thereon,which we have found not so beneficial in separating and breaking thecream-sacks as the arrangement which we here show,.which causes a directand powerful concussion of the waves of cream set in motion by thebeaters againsteach other and the Sides; second, to cause a vacuumbehind the beaters, by which the air forced in may be caused to mix moreperfectly and in greater quantity; and third, to facilitate gatheringthe butter, which is donel by reversing the motion of the dasherbringing the grooved faces of the arms against the butter with thecream.

Te arrange these beaters upon the shaft so that not more than two shallstrike upon the surface at once.

It has been found by practical demonstration that the arrangement of thebottom of these horizontal churn-cases with plain sides joining eachother in obtuse angles, as here shown, facilitates the churning processby the action on the cream when forced into the angies between the sidesby the dasher, and we propose to use this improved construction ot' thesaid cases in connection with our improved dasher.

Having thus described our invention, we claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent- 1. The combination, with the dasher and thechurncase, of the fan-blower, when arranged and applied at the side ofthe case, snbstantially in the manner herein described.

2. The combination ofthe air-injecting spout CHARLES PATERSON HOLMES.ALBERT L. HO'WELL.

Witnesses for Holmes:

GEO. W. MABEE, WM. A. MORGAN.

Witnesses for Howell A. V. MYER., J'oNAs SoHALL.

